The following are examples of racking and support systems except ___.

• A. Ground-mounted
• B. Roof racking, attached
• C. Roof racking, ballasted
• D. Roof racking, suspended

Answer: (D)

Racking and support systems for solar installations are about securely holding modules in place and transferring loads to the building or ground. Ground-mounted systems sit on the ground and are anchored to the foundation. Roof-mounted systems can be attached to the roof structure (often penetrating the roof to secure to the rafters or structure) or they can be ballasted, resting on the roof without penetrations. A suspended roof mounting, where modules are hung from the roof without a solid load path into the structure, isn’t a standard or practical approach because it complicates wind uplift resistance, load transfer, roof integrity, and drainage. This is why it isn’t considered a typical racking and support option, whereas the other methods described are.